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WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. SHAV, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

PANoRAMlo CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 624,553, dated May 9, 1899.

Application filed December 16, 1893. Serial No. 699,431. A(Nornoclel.)

TovctZZ wiz/0m, it' may concern,.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES H. SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn', city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cameras, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cameras, and more particularly to that class of cameras known as panoramic cameras.

I will describe a camera embodying my invention and then point out the -novel features in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a horizontal sectional view of a camera embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the casing and showing a rear elevation of the camera parts. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View. Fig. 4 is a detail cross-sectional View of a lens-cylinder and a light-shaft. Fig. 5 is aperspective view ofthe camera.

Similar letters of reference refer to correspond ing parts in all of the figures. A

A represents a suitable casing for containing the several parts of the camera. its walls-as, for instance, the wall A-is detachable from the remainder of the casing, and it is to this wall that I connect two plates, between which plates several parts of the camera mechanism are located and held. This arrangement permits of the working parts of the camera being removed from the casing for examination and the substituting of one film for another.

B B represent the two plates that are connected to the wall A and which extend outwardly therefrom. These plates are detachably connected to protruding -parts a of the wall A. The parts a may be integral with the wall' A' or separate therefrom, in which case they are held by screws a. Between the two plates B B and at the sides thereof I locate walls Z9. These walls may be supported by standards b, to which they are secured,

and the standards may be held at their ends between the two plates. These standards also serve to support the plates B B and to space them apart. The purpose of these walls b is to exclude light from that part of the film not within the path of movement of a lightshaft that is employed in the camera.

One of C represents a cylinder placed vertically in an opening provided in the wall A. Itis preferably arranged to have a portion pro jecting beyond the outer surface of the wall A'. It is arranged to oscillate in the opening'on journals that are provided inthe ends of the cylinder. These journals may conveniently consist of circular plates o, that fit in the ends of the cylinder C. These plates may be carried by the plates B and B', being secured thereto by anydesired means-as, for example, by solder. The cylinder is provided with an opening c in that portion of its wall projecting` beyond the wall A, and dia metrically opposite this opening is a second opening, into which one end of the light-shaft c2 is secured. The light-shaft is preferably rectangular in cross-section and is adapted to move with the cylinder, and it is of such a length as to have its free end move in a plane that is parallel with and adjacent the Viilm or other sensitized surface used in the camera.

c3 represents a lens that is carried by a suits ableholder c4. The holder c4 is inserted in an opening provided in a wood or other block c5, that is held Within the cylinder C. The lens is placed in the line of the openings in the cylinder C, so as to project the light-rays through' the light-shaft onto the sensitized surface. When the cylinder C, carrying the lens, is oscillated with the lens exposed, the light-rays from the different parts of the View being photographed will be projected by the lens through the light-shaft onto successive portions of the film or plate in the camera as the light-shaft is moved in front thereof. The cylinder may be oscillated in one direction by means of a coiled spring c6,that is preferably located within the cylinder. One end of the spring is secured to a stationary part* as, for example, to a pin c7, carried by one of the plates c-while the other end of the spring may be secured to the cylinder. The cylinder and light-shaft may be moved in the other and opposite direction for the purpose of setting the lens and light-shaft by hand. When the cylinder is moved in this direction, the spring is placed under tension to move the cylinder and light-shaft in the first-mentioned direction-that is, in the direction to expose the film.

It is obvious that the speed of theloo s j l 624,553

lens-cylinder and light-shaft may be regulated by changing the tension of the spring. The joint made by the wall of the cylinder and the walls of the opening in the part A, in which the cylinder is placed, may be made light-proof in any convenient manner, as by felt om or metal, which would conform to the wall of the cylinder. Any desired means may be employed for holding the light-shaft and cylinder in set position and for releasing them from set position. l have shown in the drawings, the following` arrangement of parts for doing this. A lever D is pivoted to the upper plate B, so as to have one of its ends d in the path of lnovement of the light-shaft. As the light-shaft is moved to set position this end d will be made to engage with the light-shaft to hold it against the action of the spring c6. A flat spring d is preferably provided'for holding the end d inthe path of movement'of the light-shaft. The otherend d2 of the lever is so arranged as to be engaged by a button d3, carried by the casing A, which when depressed to engage the end d2 causes the end (l to move out of engagement with the light-shaft. A shutter cs may be provided in the cylinder to cover thelens when desired, a knob or projection o9 being provided for moving it over the lens after the film has been exposed and the cylinder and light-shaft are to be reset. This knob or projection may also be used to move the cylinder and light-shaft to set position.

E E' represent shutters which are provided for the end of the light-shaft. One of the shutters is provided for closing the end of the light-shaft when the camera is in set position, while the other shutter is for closing the endv of the light-shaft after it has been released from set position and it has moved in front of the film to expose it. Vith this arrangement of lthe shutters for the end of the light-shaft all light-rays from the lens are excluded from the camera while the lightshaft is at rest. These sh utters are operated automatically and preferably by the lightshaft coming into engagement with them. Each shutter may conveniently consist of an L-shaped piece of metal that is provided with a pivot e at each end, which pivots have a bearing in the plates B and B'. A spring e2 i is provided for each shutter for the purpose of holding it in such position as to be operated by the light-shaft. These springs are preferably flat ones, andA they are secured at one of their ends to the walls I). The operation of these shutters is as follows: Vhen the light-shaft and cylinder are moved to set position, the li ght-shaft en gages with one arm e3 of the shutter, against which the spring e2 bears, and moves it against the action of the spring so as to bring the other arm e4 of the shutter over the open end of the light-shaft to completely close it. Then the light-shaft is released to expose the iilm, the end of the light-shaft moves away from the arm e4 to vthrow the light-rays onto the film. As it moves in front of the film it comes into engagement with the arm e3 of the shutter E and moves this arm to cause the arm e4 of this shutter to completely close the end of the light-shaft, and thus prevent any more light-rays enteringthe interior of the camera. The shutter c3 is then moved over the lens and the cylinder and light-shaft reset for anotherexposure. Afterthecylinderandlightshaft have been reset the shutter o8 is moved from in front of the lens, thus having the camera ready for another exposure. It will be seen, therefore, that the purpose of lthe shutter cs is merely to cover the lens while the camera is being reset and also to protect the lens from dust, dac., when not in use.

A film is preferably used in the camera, and provision is made for inserting in the camera the spool, on which the film is generally wound, and unwinding the film from the spool as it is needed onto a second spool. F represents the spool carrying the film f, and F the spool onto which the film is wound. The spool F is provided with the usual ratchet and the pawl engaging therewith, and this spool is turned by the usual key f2, carried by the casing A.

The rollers F and F' are removably held in spring-pieces f3, that may be secured to the i plates B and B on the outside thereof' by riv- Q ets, which rivets are located at the middle of l the pieces. A of the casing, sothat the spools will be in These pieces are near the wall the position shown in the drawings. The film from the spool F is passed over a roller f, journaled in the plates B B', andpreferably against curved flanges f4, that are carried by the said plates, and over a roller f5 to the spool F'.

Guide-rods f7 may also be provided to prevent the film moving away from the flanges while being transferred from one spool to the other. The usual opening A3 and its colored covering A4 are provided in the casing A in order that the position of an unexposed part of the film may be gaged through the usual marks or signsprovided on the backing of the film.

What I claim as my invention isl. In a camera, the combination of a lens, means for moving said lens in an arc from one position to another, a light-shaft through which the lens projects light-rays onto a sensitized surface, said light-shaft adapted to be moved with said lens; an L-shaped shutter i supported lengthwise and independent of the 1i ght-shaft and lens for closing the end of said light-'shaft in one position, and a second L- shaped shutter supported lengthwise and also independent of the light-shaft and lens for closing the end ofthe light-shaft in its other position.

2. In a camera, the combination of a lens, means for moving said lens from one position to another, alight-shaft movin gwith said lens through which Y the lens projects light-rays `onto a sensitized surface, and means independent of the light-shaft and lens that are I'io operated by the light-shaft engaging therewith for closing the end of said light-shaft at the limit of its movement in each position.

In a camera, the combination of a lens,

means for moving said lens from one position to anot-her,a light-shaft moving with said lens, through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, and a shutter independent of the light-shaft and lens for closing the end of said light-shaft in each of its positions, said shutter being L-shaped, and arranged to have the light-shaft engage with one arm thereof to bring the other arm in position to close the end of the light-shaft substantially as described.

4. In a camera, the combination of a suitable casing, a cylinder provided in a wall of said casingand mounted therein so as t-o be vertical, dametrically-opposed openings iu the wall of said cylinder, a lens located within the cylinder and in the'line of said openings, and a light-shaft connected with said cylinder through which t-he light-rays are projected by the lens onto a sensitized su rface, substantally as described. Y

5. In a camera, the combination of a suitable casing, a cylinder provided in a wall of said casing and mount-ed therein so as to be vertical, means for excluding light between the wall'of said cylinder and the wall in which itis mounted,diametrically-opposed open ings provided in the Wall of said cylinder, a .lens within said cylinder, and iu the line of said openings, and alight-shaft carried by said cylinder through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, substantially as described.

6. In a camera, the combination ofacasing, a cylinder provided in the wall of said casing and mounted therein so as to be vertical and to be oscillated, means for oscillating said cylinder,diametrically-opposed openings provided in the wall of said cylinder, a lens within the cylinder located in the line of said openings, and a light-shaft carried by said cylinder through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, substantially as described. Y

7. In acamera, the combination of acasing, a cylinder provided in a wall of said casing and mounted therein so as to be vertical and to be oscillated, a spring for oscillating said cylinder in one direction, diametrically-opposed openings provided in the wall of said cylinder, a lens located within the cylinder and in the line of said openings, and a lightshaft connected with said cylinder through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, substantially as described.

8. In acamera, the combination of acasing, a cylinder provided in the wall of' said casing and mounted therein so as to be vertical and to be oscillated from one position to another, diametrically-opposed openings in the wall of said cylinder, a lens located within the cylinder and in the line of the openings, a shutter for said lens, a light-shaft connected with said cylinder so as to move with it through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, and a shutter independent of thelight-shaft and cylinder for closing the end of said light-shaft in each of its positions, substantially as described.

9. In a camera, the combination of acasing, having one wall detachable therefrom, which wall is provided with an opening, plates secured to said wall and extending outwardly therefrom, a cylinder arranged vertically in the opening in said wall and having diametrically-opposed openings in its wall, means for journaling said cyl-inder at its ends so that it can be oscillated from one position to another, means for oscillating it from one position to another, a device for holding the cylinder against the action of said means'and releasing it, a lens located within said cylinder and in the lines of the openings in the wall thereof, a shutter for said lens, a lightshaft connected to and moving with said cylinder from one position to another through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, and shutters mounted between said plates, independentof the light-shaft for closing the end of the light-shaft in each of its positions, said shutters being adapted to be operated by the light-shaft engaging therewith, substantially as described.

l0. In a camera, the combination of a casing having one wall detachable therefrom, which wall is provided with an opening, plates secured to said wall and extending outwardly therefrom, a cylinder having diametrically opposite openings in its wall arranged vertically in said opening and journaled at its ends in said plates so as to be oscillated from one position to another, a lens within said cylinder and in line with said openings, side walls between said plates, a light-shaft secured to said cylinder and moving with it through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, and means for closing the ends of said light-shaft in each of its positions, substantially as described.

11. In a camera, the combination ofa casing having one wall detachable therefrom, said IIC Wall being provided with an opening, plates secured to said wall and extending outwardly therefrom, a cylinder having diametrically opposite openings in its wall arranged vertically in said opening, and journaled at its ends in said plate so as to be oscillated from one position to another, a lens located within said cylinder and in line with the openings in the wall thereofa light-shaft secured to said cylinder and moving with it, means independent of the light-shaft for closing the end thereof in each of its positions, side walls supported between said plates between which the light-shaft moves, a spool carrying a sensitized surface which is adapted to be transferred to another spool, and spring-plates, secured to the outside of theplates secured to the detachable Wall, between which the spools are removably held, substantially as described.

12. In a camera, the combination ot' a casing having one Wall detachable therefrom, said wall being provided with an opening, plates secured to said Wall and extending out- Wardly therefrom, a cylinder having dialnetrically opposite openings in its Wall arranged vertically Within the opening in said detachable Wall and adapted to be oscillated from one limited position to another limited position, means for oscillating said cylinder, a lens located Within said cylinder and in line with the opposite openings, a shutter for said lens, a light-shaft secured to and moving with said cylinder through which light-rays are projected onto a sensitized surface, and shutters mounted between said plates and arranged to close the end of the light-shaft in each of its positions, substantially as described.

13. In a camera,the combination ofva casing, having one Wall detachable therefrom, Which Wall is provid-ed With an opening, a cylinder arranged vertically at the openings in said Wall, and having diametrically-opposed openings in its wall, means for journaling said cylinder at its ends so that it can be oscillated from one position to another, a device for holding the cylinder against the action of said means and reieasing it, and a lens located within said cyiinder and in the lines of the openings at the Wall thereof, substantially as described.

14. In a camera,the combination of a casing, i

having one Wall detachable therefro1n,which Wall is provided With an opening, a cylinder arranged vertically Within said opening and provided with a lens, means for oscillating said cylinder from one position to another, a light-shaft moving With said cylinder, and a shutter adapted to be operated by the lightshaft to close its end, substantially as described.

15. In a camera,the combination of a casing, having one wall detachable theref1'om,Which Wall is provided With an opening, a cylinder arranged vertically Within said opening, and

provided with a lens, means for oscillating said cylinder from one position to another, a light-shaft moving with said cylinder, a shutter adapted to be operated by the light-shaft to close its end, and a spring for holding said shutter in position to be operated by the lightshaft, .substantially as described.

16= In a camera,the combination of a casing,l

17. In a camera, the combination of a casing having an opening in one of its Walls, a cylinder arranged vertically in said opening, and

having opposite openings in its Wall, means for oscillating said cylinder in its vertical position, and a lens located in the line of said openings.

18. In a camera, the combination of a casing having an opening in one of its Walls, a cylinder arranged vertically in said opening, and having opposite openings in its Wall, means for oscillating said cylinder in its vertical position, a lens located in the line of said openings,v and a shutter for said lens.

194 In a camera, the combination of a casing having an opening in one of its Walls, a cylinder arranged vertically in said opening and having opposite openings in its Wall, means for oscillating said cylinder in its vertical position, a light-shaft connected to and moving Wit-h said cylinder, and a lens located in the line of the openings in the Walls of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES I-I. SHAV.

Vitnesses:

W. LAIRD GoLDsBonoUGH, Gno. E. CRUsE. 

